Friday, October 13, 2006

Daf Yomi - Sukkah 42 - Highlights

1. Rabbi Yose rules that if the first day of Sukkos occurs on Shabbos and one forgot and carried the lulav into a public domain, he is not liable a chatas offering because he was preoccupied with performing a mitzvah. Abaye qualifies this ruling to be referring to a case where one has not yet fulfilled the mitzvah, but once he has fulfilled the mitzvah, he will be liable a chatas for carrying. The Gemara questions this because it would see that he automatically fulfills the mitzvah when he picks up the lulav. Abaye answers that Rabbi Yose refers to a case where he turned the lulav upside down and one only fulfills the mitzvah when holding the lulav straight up in the manner that it grows. Rava answers that Rabbi Yose refers to a case where one took the lulav out in an undignified manner on a plate, in which case he does not fulfill the mitzvah. (41b4-42a1)
2. Rabbi Yose rules that if a Kohen found a bird olah amongst other bird chatas offerings and the Kohen assumed that that this bird was a bird chatas and he ate it, he is not liable a meilah offering, despite the fact the halacha is that a bird olah is entirely burned on the mizbeiach and a bird chatas is eaten entirely by the Kohanim. The rationale for this ruling is that Rabbi Yose maintains that one who is preoccupied with a mitzvah is not liable if he errs. (42a1-42a2)
3. The Mishna rules that the lulav can be returned to water on Shabbos so that it should not wilt. Rabbi Yehudah maintains that on Yom Tov one is even permitted to add water and on Chol HaMoed one would be permitted to change the water. (42a2-42a3)
4. A father is obligated to begin training his child who is a minor in the mitzvah of lulav if the child knows how to wave the lulav. The Gemara enumerates other mitzvos and the age for when a father is required to train his son to perform those mitzvos. (42a3-42a4-42b1)
5. The Mishna records the various mitzvos that are performed on Sukkos and on which days they are performed. The mitzvah of lulav and the mitzvah of aravah can be performed either six days or seven days. If the first day of Sukkos occurs on Shabbos, the mitzvah of lulav would be performed but one would not perform the mitzvah of lulav on Shabbos when the first day of Sukkos occurs on any other day of the week. If the seventh day of Sukkos occurs on Shabbos, the mitzvah of aravah would be performed but the mitzvah of aravah would not be performed when the seventh day of Sukkos occurs on any other day of the week. The obligation of reciting Hallel and the obligation to eat meat from the shelamim offering when the Bais HaMikdash stood applies for all eight days of Sukkos. The mitzvah to sit in the Sukkah and the mitzvah of the water libation on the mizbeiach apply to the seven days of Sukkos. The mitzvah to play musical instruments at the Simchas Bais Hashoeva, the Celebration of the Place of the Water Drawing, was performed either five or six days of Sukkos. The reason for this ruling is because it is forbidden to play music on Shabbos or Yom Tov. (42b2)
6. When the first day of Sukkos occurred on Shabbos, the people would bring their lulavim to the Beis HaMikdash on Friday and every person would stipulate that if someone else were to receive his lulav, it should belong to that person as a gift. When this procedure became dangerous because everyone would fight in their enthusiasm to receive their lulavim, it was instituted that each person should take the lulav in his house rather than in the Bais HaMikdash. (42b3)

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